Using Big Data and the Internet of Things to Optimize Public Transport Efficiency Across Major Cities in India

Abstract

Public transportation systems play a vital role in emerging economies like India, providing mobility and access to jobs, education, and services for millions. However, issues like poor integration, inefficient routes, overcrowding, lack of real-time information, and financial losses plague public transport in Indian cities. This paper examines how big data analytics and the Internet of Things (IoT) can be leveraged to optimize efficiency, improve user experience, and strengthen sustainability across public transportation networks in major Indian cities. We provide an overview of India's public transport landscape and highlight key challenges. Next, we discuss relevant big data and IoT technologies along with practical applications to address urban transport issues. Our analysis suggests that data-driven optimization of scheduling, vehicle tracking, ticketing systems, riderhip analysis and maintenance regimes powered by IoT can significantly improve efficiency, reducing delays, enhancing safety and increasing rider satisfaction. We conclude with recommendations for integrating smart technologies with public transportation infrastructure in Indian cities. The paper contributes valuable insights for transportation planners and policymakers looking to improve public transit systems.